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Next: For ȸµ¹ÀÌ Up: ÀϹÝÀÎÀ» À§ÇÑ ÆÄÀ̽ã Áöħ¼­ Previous: ÇÔ¼ö Á¤ÀÇÇÏ±â   ¸ñ Â÷

ÇϺΠ¸ñ·Ï

¸®½ºÆ®

Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ °ªÀ» °¡Áö´Â º¯¼ö

¿©·¯ºÐÀº ÀÌ¹Ì ÇϳªÀÇ °ªÀ» ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÏ»óÀûÀÌ º¯¼öµéÀ» º¸¾Æ ¿Ô´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸, ´Ù¸¥ º¯¼öÇüŵéÀº Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ °ªÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °¡Àå ´Ü¼øÇÑ ÇüÅ´ ¸®½ºÆ®¶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡ ¸®½ºÆ®°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¿¹¸¦ º¸ÀδÙ:

which_one = input("What month (1-12)? ")
months = ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July',\
	'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']
if 1 <= which_one <= 12:
        print "The month is",months[which_one - 1]

±×¸®°í Ãâ·ÂÀÇ ¿¹´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù:

What month (1-12)? 3
The month is March

ÀÌ ¿¹¿¡¼­ months°¡ ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÌ´Ù. months´Â ¶óÀÎ months = ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July',\ 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']·Î Á¤ÀÇ µÈ´Ù. (\°¡ ±â´Ù¶õ ¶óÀÎÀ» ³ª´©´Âµ¥ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ÁÖ¸ñÇ϶ó.) [ ¿Í ]´Â °¢°¢ ½ÃÀÛ°ú ³¡À̸ç Äĸ¶(``,'')·Î ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ Ç׸ñµéÀ» ºÐ¸®ÇÑ´Ù. ¸®½ºÆ®´Â 'months[which_one - 1]'¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¸®½ºÆ®´Â 0¿¡¼­ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â Ç׸ñµé·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¸»·Î Çϸé, ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ 1¿ù´ÞÀ» ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é ¿©·¯ºÐÀº months[0]¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡ ¼ýÀÚ Çϳª¸¦ ÁÖ¾î¶ó ±×·¯¸é ±× À§Ä¡¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ °ªÀ» µ¹·Á ÁÙ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

¼­¼ú¹® 'if 1 <= which_one <= 12:'´Â which_oneÀÌ 1°ú 12 »çÀÌ¿¡ Æ÷Ç﵃ ¶§¸¸ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÂüÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. (´Ù¸¥ ¸»·Î Çϸé, ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ´ë¼öÇп¡¼­ ±×°ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò´Ù¸é ´ç¿¬È÷ ±×°ÍÀÌ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¿¹»óÇÑ ¹ÙÀÌ´Ù.).

¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ »óÀÚ·Î »ý°¢ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, 'demolist = ['life',42, 'the universe', 6,'and',7]'¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© »ý¼ºµÇ¾îÁø »óÀÚµéÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ º¸ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù:

box number 0 1 2 3 4 5
demolist `life' 42 `the universe' 6 `and' 7

°¢ »óÀÚµéÀº ±× ¼ýÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÂüÁ¶µÇ¾î¼­ ¼­¼ú¹® demolist[0]´Â 'life'¸¦, demolist[1]Àº 42¸¦ ȹµæÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í, ±×·±½ÄÀ¸·Î demolist[5]´Â 7¸¦ ȹµæÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.

¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ »ç¾ç

´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿¹Á¦´Â ¸®½ºÆ®µéÀÌ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â, ¸¹Àº ´Ù¸¥ °ÍµéÀ» ´ÜÁö º¸¿©ÁÖ±â À§ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. (¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ŸÀÌÇÁÇØ ³Ö±â¸¦ ¿¹»óÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê°ÚÁö¸¸, ±×·¯³ª ¿©·¯ºÐÀº ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡ Æí¾ÈÇÔÀ» ´À³¥ ¶§±îÁö ±×°ÍµéÀ» °¡Áö°í ³î¾Æ¾ß¸¸ ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
ÀÚ °¡º¸ÀÚ:
demolist = ['life',42, 'the universe', 6,'and',7]
print 'demolist = ',demolist
demolist.append('everything')
print "after 'everything' was appended demolist is now:"
print demolist
print 'len(demolist) =', len(demolist)
print 'demolist.index(42) =',demolist.index(42)
print 'demolist[1] =', demolist[1]
#Next we will loop through the list
c = 0
while c < len(demolist):
    print 'demolist[',c,']=',demolist[c]
    c = c + 1
del demolist[2]
print "After 'the universe' was removed demolist is now:"
print demolist
if 'life' in demolist:
    print "'life' was found in demolist"
else:
    print "'life' was not found in demolist"
if 'amoeba' in demolist:
    print "'amoeba' was found in demolist"
if 'amoeba' not in demolist:
    print "'amoeba' was not found in demolist"
demolist.sort()
print 'The sorted demolist is ',demolist

±× Ãâ·ÂÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù:

demolist =  ['life', 42, 'the universe', 6, 'and', 7]
after 'everything' was appended demolist is now:
['life', 42, 'the universe', 6, 'and', 7, 'everything']
len(demolist) = 7
demolist.index(42) = 1
demolist[1] = 42
demolist[ 0 ]= life
demolist[ 1 ]= 42
demolist[ 2 ]= the universe
demolist[ 3 ]= 6
demolist[ 4 ]= and
demolist[ 5 ]= 7
demolist[ 6 ]= everything
After 'the universe' was removed demolist is now:
['life', 42, 6, 'and', 7, 'everything']
'life' was found in demolist
'amoeba' was not found in demolist
The sorted demolist is  [6, 7, 42, 'and', 'everything', 'life']

ÀÌ ¿¹Á¦´Â »õ·Î¿î ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ ¹«´õ±â·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀº Àüü ¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ ´ÜÁö Ãâ·Â printÇÒ ¼ö¸¸ ÀÖÀ½À» ÁÖÀÇÇ϶ó. ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î append ÇÔ¼ö´Â ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ ³¡ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î Ç׸ñ Çϳª¸¦ ´õÇϴµ¥ »ç¿ëµÇ¾îÁø´Ù. len ÇÔ¼ö´Â ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª ¸¹Àº Ç׸ñÀÌ ÀÖ´ÂÁö¸¦ µ¹·ÁÁØ´Ù. The index ÇÔ¼ö´Â Ç׸ñÀÇ À§Ä¡°¡ ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡¼­ ¾îµðÀÎÁö¸¦ ¸»ÇØÁØ´Ù. 'demolist.index(42)' °¡ 1À» µ¹·ÁÁÖ°í demolist[1] °¡ ½ÇÇàµÇ¸é 42¸¦ µ¹·ÁÁشٴ °ÍÀ» ÁÖ¸ñÇ϶ó. '#Next we will loop through the list'¶óÀÎÀº ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó¿¡°Ô´Â ´ÜÁö ¿©ºÐÀÌ´Ù( ¶ÇÇÑ ÁÖ¼®À̶ó°íµµ ºÎ¸¥´Ù). ÆÄÀ̽ãÀº #·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ¶óÀÎÀ» ¹«½ÃÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¶óÀÎÀº :

c = 0
while c < len(demolist):
    print 'demolist[',c,']=',demolist[c]
    c = c + 1
0¿¡¼­ ½ÃÀÛÇؼ­ ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· ÁöÇ¥¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÒ ¶§±îÁö Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ º¯¼ö c ¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. ±×µ¿¾È print¼­¼ú¹®Àº ±× ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ °¢ ¿ä¼Ò¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.

del¸í·É¾î´Â ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡¼­ ÁÖ¾îÁø ¿ä¼Ò¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϴµ¥¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¶óÀÎ ¸îÁÙÀº in ¿¬»êÀÚ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇϳªÀÇ ¿ä¼Ò°¡ ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾú´ÂÁö ¾Æ´ÑÁö¸¦ Å×½ºÆ®ÇÑ´Ù.

ÀÌ ¿¹Á¦´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »ç¾çÀ» ´õ À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù:

menu_item = 0
list = []
while menu_item != 9:
        print "--------------------"
        print "1. Print the list"
        print "2. Add a name to the list"
        print "3. Remove a name from the list"
        print "4. Change an item in the list"
        print "9. Quit"
        menu_item = input("Pick an item from the menu: ")
        if menu_item == 1:
                current = 0
                if len(list) > 0:
                        while current < len(list):
                                print current,". ",list[current]
                                current = current + 1
                else:
                        print "List is empty"
        elif menu_item == 2:
                name = raw_input("Type in a name to add: ")
                list.append(name)
        elif menu_item == 3:
                del_name = raw_input("What name would you like to remove: ")
                if del_name in list:
                        item_number = list.index(del_name)
                        del list[item_number]
                else:
                        print del_name," was not found"
        elif menu_item == 4:
                old_name = raw_input("What name would you like to change: ")
                if old_name in list:
                        item_number = list.index(old_name)
                        new_name = raw_input("What is the new name: ")
                        list[item_number] = new_name
                else:
                        print old_name," was not found"
print "Goodbye"

±×¸®°í ¿©±â¿¡ Ãâ·ÂÀÇ ÀϺΰ¡ ÀÖ´Ù:

--------------------
1. Print the list
2. Add a name to the list
3. Remove a name from the list
4. Change an item in the list
9. Quit

Pick an item from the menu: 2
Type in a name to add: Jack

Pick an item from the menu: 2
Type in a name to add: Jill

Pick an item from the menu: 1
0 .  Jack
1 .  Jill

Pick an item from the menu: 3
What name would you like to remove: Jack

Pick an item from the menu: 4
What name would you like to change: Jill
What is the new name: Jill Peters

Pick an item from the menu: 1
0 .  Jill Peters

Pick an item from the menu: 9
Goodbye

±ä ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ´Ù. ¼Ò½ºÄڵ带 Çѹø »ìÆ캸ÀÚ. ¶óÀÎ 'list = []'´Â º¯¼ölist¸¦ ¾Æ¹«·± Ç׸ñ(ȤÀº ¿ä¼Ò)µµ °°Áö ¾Ê´Â ¸®½ºÆ®·Î ¸¸µç´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ ¶óÀÎÀº while menu_item != 9:ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¶óÀÎÀº ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» À§ÇÑ ¸Þ´º½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁִ ȸµ¹À̸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¶óÀÎ ¸î°³´Â ¸Þ´º¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ°í, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ¾î¶² ºÎºÐÀÌ ½ÇÇàµÉÁö¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.

´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ÄÚµå´Â :

current = 0
if len(list) > 0:
        while current < len(list):
                print current,". ",list[current]
                current = current + 1
else:
        print "List is empty"
¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ ¼øȸÇϸ鼭 °¢°¢ÀÇ À̸§À» Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. len(list_name)´Â ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª ¸¹Àº Ç׸ñÀÌ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù. len ÇÔ¼ö°¡ 0 À» ¹ÝȯÇÏ¸é ¸®½ºÆ®´Â ºñ¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

±×¸®°í ³ª¼­ ¸î°³ÀÇ ¶óÀÎ µÚ¿¡ ¼­¼ú¹® 'list.append(name)'°¡ ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº appendÇÔ¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ ³¡¿¡´Ù°¡ ÇÑ°³ÀÇ Ç׸ñÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ µÎ°³ ¶óÀÎÀ¸·Î Á¡ÇÁÇ϶ó. ÀÌ ÄÚµåÀÇ ºÎºÐÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù:

item_number = list.index(del_name)
del list[item_number]
¿©±â¿¡¼­ indexÇÔ¼ö°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¾î ±× Ç׸ñÀ» Á¦°ÅÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ³ªÁß¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ°Ô µÉ ÁöÇ¥°ªÀ» Ž»öÇÑ´Ù. 'del list[item_number]'´Â ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡¼­ ÇÑ°³ÀÇ Ç׸ñÀ» Á¦°ÅÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.

´ÙÀ½ ºÎºÐÀº :

old_name = raw_input("What name would you like to change: ")
if old_name in list:
        item_number = list.index(old_name)
        new_name = raw_input("What is the new name: ")
        list[item_number] = new_name
else:
        print old_name," was not found"
'index'¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© item_number¸¦ Ž»öÇؼ­ old_name ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´ø °÷¿¡ new_name¸¦ ³õ´Â´Ù.

¿¹Á¦µé

test.py

## This program runs a test of knowledge

true = 1
false = 0

# First get the test questions
# Later this will be modified to use file io.
def get_questions():
    # notice how the data is stored as a list of lists
    return [["What color is the daytime sky on a clear day?","blue"],\
            ["What is the answer to life, the universe and everything?","42"],\
            ["What is a three letter word for mouse trap?","cat"]]
# This will test a single question
# it takes a single question in
# it returns true if the user typed the correct answer, otherwise false
def check_question(question_and_answer):
    #extract the question and the answer from the list
    question = question_and_answer[0]
    answer = question_and_answer[1]
    # give the question to the user
    given_answer = raw_input(question)
    # compare the user's answer to the testers answer
    if answer == given_answer:
        print "Correct"
        return true
    else:
        print "Incorrect, correct was:",answer
        return false
# This will run through all the questions
def run_test(questions):
    if len(questions) == 0:
        print "No questions were given."
        # the return exits the function
        return
    index = 0
    right = 0
    while index < len(questions):
        #Check the question
        if check_question(questions[index]):
            right = right + 1
        #go to the next question
        index = index + 1
    #notice the order of the computation, first multiply, then divide
    print "You got ",right*100/len(questions),"% right out of",len(questions)

#now lets run the questions
run_test(get_questions())

»ùÇà Ãâ·ÂÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù:

What color is the daytime sky on a clear day?green
Incorrect, correct was: blue
What is the answer to life, the universe and everything?42
Correct
What is a three letter word for mouse trap?cat
Correct
You got  66 % right out of 3


next up previous contents
Next: For ȸµ¹ÀÌ Up: ÀϹÝÀÎÀ» À§ÇÑ ÆÄÀ̽ã Áöħ¼­ Previous: ÇÔ¼ö Á¤ÀÇÇϱâ Content: ¸ñ Â÷
Josh Cogliati jjc@iname.com